This is most common voltage regulator that is still used in embedded designs. LM7805 voltage regulator is a linear regulator made by several manufacturers like Fairchild, or ST Microelectronics. They can come in several types of packages. For output current up to 1A there may be two types of packages: TO-220 (vertical) and D-PAK (horizontal).

With proper heat sink these LM78xx types can handle even more than 1A current. They also have Thermal overload protection, Short circuit protection.

If your design won’t exceed 0.1A current you may chose regulator LM78L05 with smaller packages and lower maximum current up to 0.1A. They come in three main types of packages SO-8, SOT-89 and TO-92

Bellow is a table OF all LM78XX regulators and their output Voltages and input voltage ranges.

Part	Output (V)	Input range (V)
LM7805	5	7–25
LM7806	6	8–25
LM7808	8	10.5–25
LM7809	9	11.5–25
LM7810	10	12.5–25
LM7812	12	14.5–30
LM7815	15	17.5–30
LM7818	18	21–33
LM7824	24	27–38

Typical Connection is very simple:

Couple decoupling capacitors (between 10 uF and 47 uF) are required on the input (V-IN) and output (V-OUT) connected to ground.

There are negative voltage regulators that work the same way. They are marked as LM79xx.

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