We used to see dual supply ideal operational amplifiers (Op Amps), what means that Op Amps are powered from dual supplies with equal magnitude and opposing polarity. The center tap is connected to the ground which serves as a center of the supply voltage.
Single supply operational amplifiers are powered with single polarity voltage. In this [...]

Today MEMS is common acronym among engineers. Therm MEMS stands for micro-electro-mechanical system and was started to use in 1980sin USA. MEMS are called system because they are not only sensors bu also contain electronic circuitry inside which conditions sensor signal. Simply speaking MEMS is usually a chip device which integrates mechanical elements, sensors, actuators [...]

More and more design operations become automated. These changes give many benefits like effectiveness, minimal errors and less routine operations to designers. Modern electronic equipment require very precise planning as devices shrink to minimal sizes, operation power increases and also have to fit to it external design requirement. So designing is a very complex task [...]

It is obvious that for most of drivers car is more than transportation vehicle. Sometimes people spend hours in the car everyday and listens not only news radio broadcast, but also listens music. To have good quality music sound in the car require more than good speakers and power amps, but also some smart solutions [...]

All regular voltage regulators (like 7805) have several disadvantages like output voltage is always lower than input and some power is dissipated in control element. Dissipated power is approximately equal to I(Vin-Vout).
There is another way to generate regulated voltage. Method is different from previous. In switching regulator a transistor operates as a saturated switch which [...]

Most of op-amp circuits run from symmetrical bipolar supply source lets say ±15V. The simplest way to generate symmetrical split supplies is to use a pair of 3 terminal voltage regulators. For instance lets take two voltage regulators: 7815 and 7915.

 
If you need an adjustable variant of dual polarity regulated voltage source you can [...]

Among usual antennas used in todays data transfer there are also different type of antenas used. First publications about electrodynamic characteristics of fractal structures were published in 1980’s , but first practical approach appeared after 10 years. Dr. Nathan Cohen professor of boston university designed, engineered and patented many practical fractal antenna solutions and founded [...]

Originally by Anisimov Ivan
In many cases can be very handy to be able to convert 1.5V to 5V. Then you can power microcontroller or LED from a single AA or AAA battery. It is simple to do this as there are special IC’s as MAXIM MAX1674 or MAX7176. This is step-up DC-DC converter that can [...]

Ultrasounds transducers for measuring distances are commonly used in robotics, automotive parking sonars. Ultrasound distance measuring is non -contact measuring method – radiation and reception of ultrasound waves. Ultrasound waves are mechanical acoustic waves with frequencies more than 20kHz. Normally human cannot hear frequencies above 20kHz while some animals can. For instance bats use [...]

The most common method is of constructing embedded controller systems is a Printed Circuit Board (PCB). I think all electronics know, that simple PCB is constructed of insulating material like epoxy impregnated glass cloth with a thin copper sheet(s) on one or both sides.
There are many conflicts about requirements on how to design [...]